/*
 * Illustrates use of dot operator on String object
 * 
 * Strings are immutable. Invoking a method like toUpperCase()
 * returns a *new* string. It does not change the original string.
 * 
 */
public class StringManipulation{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        String phrase = new String("Today is the first day of the rest of my life!");
        System.out.println(phrase);

        int length = phrase.length(); 
        System.out.println("This string contains " + length + " characters");
        System.out.println();

        String upperCase = phrase.toUpperCase(); 
        System.out.println(phrase);
        System.out.println(upperCase);
        System.out.println();
        
        // Important: characters are indexed starting at 0
        String substr1 = phrase.substring(10, 15);
        System.out.println(phrase);
        System.out.println(substr1);
        System.out.println();
        
        // If you pass only one input to the substring() method,
        // it returns the substring from the specified character
        // to the end of the string
        String substr2 = phrase.substring(6);
        System.out.println(phrase);
        System.out.println("Tomorrow " + substr2);
        System.out.println();
        
        String exchanged = phrase.replace('t', 'x');
        System.out.println(phrase);
        System.out.println(exchanged);
    }
}