What technology did Zuse's Z3 use to implement its logic circuits? The Z3 used relays (electromagnetic switches) to implement its logic circuits. (The Z1 used sliding rods, and the Z2 was a hybrid of the two.) How were programs represented in the Z3? The program was stored on punched tape and was read sequentially. Does von Neumann propose using binary representations of values, or binary coded decimal (BCD)? He was "strongly in favor" of using binary rather than BCD. What sort of memory technologies was von Neumann considering? He mentions that flip-flops and relays had been used before, but he thought those approaches were impractical for a memory of the size he wanted to build. He suggests iconoscope or cathode-ray tubes, or the newly developed selectron tube. He also considers acoustic delay lines, but assumes for the purposes of the paper that selectron tubes are used.